$Missed Deductions

Are children's medical expenses deductible on my return?

Children & Familyadvanced3 answers · 7 min readUpdated February 28, 2026

Quick Answer

Yes, children's medical expenses are deductible if you claim them as dependents and total medical expenses exceed 7.5% of your AGI. In 2026, families with $80,000 AGI need over $6,000 in medical expenses to benefit, but qualifying expenses include premiums, treatments, therapy, and travel.

Best Answer

DF

Diana Flores, Tax Credits & Amendments Specialist

Parents dealing with significant medical expenses for children with chronic conditions or special needs

Top Answer

How children's medical expenses work for tax deductions


You can deduct medical expenses for children you claim as dependents, but they must exceed 7.5% of your adjusted gross income (AGI). According to IRS Publication 502, this includes virtually all medical costs you pay for qualifying dependents, even if insurance doesn't cover them.


The 7.5% threshold is often the biggest hurdle. For a family with $80,000 AGI, medical expenses must exceed $6,000 before any deduction begins. However, once you cross this threshold, every additional dollar is deductible.


Example calculation:

  • Family AGI: $100,000
  • Medical expense threshold: $7,500 (7.5% × $100,000)
  • Total medical expenses: $12,000
  • Deductible amount: $4,500 ($12,000 - $7,500)
  • Tax savings: $4,500 × 22% tax bracket = $990

  • What medical expenses qualify for children


    Under IRC Section 213, qualifying medical expenses for children are broader than many parents realize:


    Treatment and care:

  • Doctor visits, specialists, urgent care
  • Prescription medications and insulin
  • Mental health therapy and counseling
  • Physical, occupational, and speech therapy
  • Dental and orthodontic treatment
  • Vision care, glasses, contacts
  • Medical equipment and supplies

  • Insurance and premiums:

  • Health insurance premiums (if not paid pre-tax)
  • COBRA premiums
  • Long-term care insurance premiums
  • Medicare premiums for dependents

  • Special situations:

  • Learning disability treatments and special schooling
  • Service animal costs for disabled children
  • Home modifications for medical accessibility
  • Medical travel expenses (transportation and lodging)

  • Advanced strategies for maximizing deductions


    Timing medical expenses: If you're close to the 7.5% threshold, consider accelerating discretionary medical expenses into one tax year. Dental work, elective procedures, or equipment purchases can be timed strategically.


    Example timing strategy:

  • 2025: $5,800 in medical expenses (below $6,000 threshold) = $0 deduction
  • 2026: $8,200 in medical expenses (including delayed 2025 expenses) = $2,200 deduction
  • Tax savings: $2,200 × 22% = $484

  • Medical expense threshold comparison by income:



    Divorced parents and medical expenses


    Under IRC Section 213(d)(5), divorced parents have special rules. Either parent can deduct medical expenses they pay for a child, regardless of who claims the dependency exemption. This creates opportunities for tax planning.


    Example: Mom claims 12-year-old Jake as a dependent, but Dad pays $8,000 in medical expenses for Jake's treatment. Dad can deduct these expenses against his own 7.5% AGI threshold, even though Mom claims Jake as a dependent.


    Documentation requirements


    The IRS requires extensive documentation for medical expense deductions:

  • Receipts: Keep all medical receipts with dates, providers, and amounts
  • Insurance statements: EOBs showing what was not covered
  • Prescriptions: Documentation that treatments were medically necessary
  • Travel logs: Mileage and receipts for medical travel
  • Provider information: Names, addresses, and tax ID numbers

  • Critical mistake to avoid: Don't include expenses reimbursed by insurance or HSA/FSA accounts. Only out-of-pocket expenses qualify.


    Special considerations for children with disabilities


    Children with disabilities often generate substantial deductible medical expenses:

  • Special education costs prescribed by doctors
  • Home modifications for accessibility
  • Specialized equipment and technology
  • Service animal training and care
  • Therapeutic activities (swimming, horseback riding) with medical necessity

  • These families are most likely to exceed the 7.5% threshold and benefit significantly from medical expense deductions.


    What you should do


    1. Track all medical expenses throughout the year, including small amounts

    2. Keep detailed records with receipts, insurance statements, and medical necessity documentation

    3. Calculate your threshold (7.5% of AGI) to determine if you're close to benefiting

    4. Consider timing large medical expenses if you're near the threshold

    5. Include travel costs for medical care (21 cents per mile in 2026)

    6. Use the refund estimator to see potential tax savings from medical deductions


    Many families with significant medical expenses miss this deduction because they don't realize the threshold is per family, not per child, and they don't track all qualifying expenses.


    Key takeaway: Children's medical expenses are fully deductible once total family medical expenses exceed 7.5% of AGI — families with $80,000 income need $6,000+ in expenses, but the deduction then saves $220+ for every additional $1,000 spent.

    *Sources: [IRS Publication 502](https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/p502.pdf), [IRC Section 213](https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/26/213)*

    Key Takeaway: Children's medical expenses are fully deductible once total family medical expenses exceed 7.5% of AGI — families with $80,000 income need $6,000+ in expenses, but the deduction then saves $220+ for every additional $1,000 spent.

    Medical expense threshold comparison by income level for families

    AGI7.5% ThresholdMedical Expenses Needed for $1,000 DeductionTax Savings (22% bracket)
    $60,000$4,500$9,000+$990+
    $80,000$6,000$10,500+$990+
    $100,000$7,500$12,000+$990+
    $120,000$9,000$13,500+$990+

    More Perspectives

    MW

    Michelle Woodard, Tax Policy Analyst

    Divorced parents managing medical expenses and custody arrangements

    Medical expense deductions in divorce situations


    Divorced parents have unique opportunities with medical expense deductions. Under IRC Section 213(d)(5), either parent can deduct medical expenses they pay for a child, regardless of who claims the dependency exemption.


    Strategic advantage: This allows divorced parents to optimize deductions based on who has higher medical expenses relative to their AGI threshold.


    Example: Sarah (AGI $60,000, threshold $4,500) and Mike (AGI $120,000, threshold $9,000) share medical costs for their diabetic daughter. Sarah pays $6,000 in medical expenses and can deduct $1,500. Mike pays $8,000 but gets no deduction because he hasn't reached his threshold. They should restructure so Sarah pays more medical expenses to maximize the family's overall deduction.


    Key planning strategies


  • Coordinate payments: The parent with lower AGI should pay more medical expenses when possible
  • Document everything: Keep clear records of who pays what expenses
  • Include insurance premiums: The parent paying health insurance premiums can deduct them
  • Consider HSA ownership: HSA contributions and distributions don't affect medical expense deductions

  • Divorce decree considerations: Many divorce agreements specify how medical expenses are shared, but they should consider tax implications. A parent in a higher tax bracket might benefit more from paying deductible medical expenses than receiving child support.


    Key takeaway: Either divorced parent can deduct medical expenses they pay for their child, creating opportunities for tax optimization based on relative income levels and medical expense thresholds.

    Key Takeaway: Either divorced parent can deduct medical expenses they pay for their child, creating opportunities for tax optimization based on relative income levels and medical expense thresholds.

    DF

    Diana Flores, Tax Credits & Amendments Specialist

    Grandparents who are primary caregivers claiming grandchildren as dependents

    Medical deductions for grandparent caregivers


    Grandparents claiming grandchildren as dependents can deduct all medical expenses they pay for those children, subject to the same 7.5% AGI threshold. This often provides significant tax relief for grandparents managing complex medical situations.


    Advantage for retirees: Grandparents with lower retirement income may have lower AGI thresholds, making medical deductions more accessible. A grandparent with $50,000 in retirement income needs only $3,750 in medical expenses to start benefiting.


    Example: Robert, 68, cares for his 10-year-old grandson with autism. His AGI is $45,000 from Social Security and pension. Medical expenses for his grandson total $8,000 (therapy, specialists, medications). His deduction is $4,625 ($8,000 - $3,375 threshold), saving $1,017 in taxes at the 22% bracket.


    Special considerations for grandparents


  • Medicare coordination: Your own Medicare expenses and grandchild's expenses both count toward the threshold
  • Dependency requirements: Must meet all tests under IRC Section 152 to claim grandchild as dependent
  • Support test: Must provide more than half the grandchild's total support
  • Income planning: Consider Roth conversions and other strategies to manage AGI and maximize medical deductions

  • Many grandparent caregivers miss these deductions because they don't realize they can claim medical expenses for grandchildren or don't understand how their lower retirement income can make the deduction more valuable.


    Key takeaway: Grandparents with lower retirement income often reach the 7.5% medical expense threshold more easily, making deductions for grandchildren's medical costs particularly valuable.

    Key Takeaway: Grandparents with lower retirement income often reach the 7.5% medical expense threshold more easily, making deductions for grandchildren's medical costs particularly valuable.

    Sources

    medical expenseschildren medicaldependent medical expensesagi thresholdmedical deduction

    Reviewed by Diana Flores, Tax Credits & Amendments Specialist on February 28, 2026

    This content is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional tax advice. Consult a qualified tax professional for advice specific to your situation.